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Healthcare & Life Sciences

Speech-Language Pathologist

Diagnoses and treats speech, language, and swallowing disorders.

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Content last reviewed: August 2026

A speech-language pathologist (SLP) evaluates and treats difficulties with speech, language, communication, or swallowing, working with clients ranging from toddlers with developmental delays to adults recovering from a stroke. A typical day includes running assessments, leading therapy sessions with individualized exercises, and documenting progress for each client's specific goals.

Settings vary widely, schools, hospitals, private clinics, each shaping the population served and the pace of the work quite differently.

Core tasks

  • Assessing speech, language, and swallowing function
  • Designing individualized therapy plans
  • Conducting therapy sessions with clients
  • Tracking and documenting progress toward goals
  • Collaborating with families, teachers, or medical providers
  • Adapting techniques for different ages and conditions

Tools & skills used

Assessment of speech and language disordersTherapeutic technique designPatience and adaptability across agesClear communication with clients and familiesClinical documentationCollaboration with schools or medical teams

Typical entry paths

  • Requires a master's degree after an undergraduate major in Communication Sciences and Disorders, Linguistics, or Psychology

Common misconceptions

  • It covers much more than articulation ('lisps'), SLPs also treat swallowing disorders, language delays, and cognitive-communication issues after injury.
  • A master's degree and clinical fellowship are required for licensure, this isn't accessible directly from a bachelor's degree.

Frequently asked questions

What does a Speech-Language Pathologist do?

Diagnoses and treats speech, language, and swallowing disorders.

What are the core tasks of a Speech-Language Pathologist?

Day to day, this typically includes: Assessing speech, language, and swallowing function; Designing individualized therapy plans; Conducting therapy sessions with clients.

What tools or skills does a Speech-Language Pathologist use?

Common tools and skills for this role include Assessment of speech and language disorders, Therapeutic technique design, Patience and adaptability across ages, Clear communication with clients and families.

How do people typically become a Speech-Language Pathologist?

Requires a master's degree after an undergraduate major in Communication Sciences and Disorders, Linguistics, or Psychology.

What's a common misconception about being a Speech-Language Pathologist?

It covers much more than articulation ('lisps'), SLPs also treat swallowing disorders, language delays, and cognitive-communication issues after injury.

What college majors lead to becoming a Speech-Language Pathologist?

Majors that commonly lead here include Speech-Language Pathology (Pre-Professional), Linguistics, Psychology. A major shapes what you study, it isn't a guarantee of landing this specific role.

This describes what the role typically involves day to day. It's not a guarantee of hiring, salary, or advancement, actual responsibilities vary by employer, industry, and location. See our disclaimer.

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